Spasticity or periodic limb movements? Lessons from a not-uncommon case report

Unilateral periodic limb movements during sleep as a prodromal stroke symptom: A case report

Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of repetitive, stereotyped limb movements that occur during sleep. There have been a few reports on this condition developing after a stroke, but the movements in these reports were not prodromal stroke symptoms. We describe a case in which PLMS developed as a prodromal stroke symptom. A 78-year-old man experienced r...

Periodic limb movements are NOT associated with disturbed sleep. Con.

15 B ecause our field wants periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMs) to be a " sleep disorder, " the controversy over the clinical importance (or lack thereof) of PLMs continues to smolder on – hanging around like a bad smell. It is intuitive: blame PLMs for insomnia in patients with both, blame PLMs for excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with both, or dismiss PLMs as a variant of no...

Periodic limb movements in sleep: irrelevant epiphenomenon, marker for a potential problem, or a disorder?

446 " Things are not always what they seem and the first appearance deceives many… " —Phaedrus by Plato, written 360 BC. A s a young sleep physician in a new field 20 years ago, it was hard not to get caught up in the excitement of periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) as an important indicator of poor sleep and the assumption that treatment was warranted to " normalize sleep. " After all, it...

Practical Lessons from the Small Bowel Bleeding Lesions: A Case Report on Small Bowel Cavernous Hemangioma

Hematuria following Botox treatment for upper limb spasticity: a case report

Hematuria is a documented side effect of botulinum toxin injection and has only been reported when it is used for overactive bladder. Here we report a rare case of hematuria following onabotulinumtoxin A (Botox) injection for upper limb spasticity in a 29-year-old male with a history of traumatic brain injury and hemophilia. Hematuria resolved without further complication after self-injection o...